The anus is the end of the large intestine, below the rectum through which the waste (solid waste) to get out of the body. The anus is formed partly from the outer layer of skin from the body and part of the intestine. Two-ring like muscles, called sphincter muscles, functioning to open and close the anus, the anal opening so that the dirt out of the body. Anal canal, the opening between the rectum and anal length is about 1 ½ inches.

Outer skin around the anus is called the perianal area. Tumors in this area are skin tumors, not anal cancer.

Infected with Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) can affect the risk of developing rectal cancer.
The risk factors include:

• Age more than 50 years.
• Infected with the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV).
• Having multiple sex partners.
• Doing anal sex relationships.
• Anus often experience redness, swelling and pain.
• Suffering anal fistulas (abnormal openings).
• Smoking.

Possible sign of anal cancer include bleeding from the anus or rectum or a lump near the anus.
These and other symptoms may be caused by anal cancer. Other conditions can cause similar symptoms. Should consult the doctor if any of the following problems:

• Bleeding from the anus or rectum.
• Pain or pressure in the area around the anus.
• Itching or a lot out mucus from the anus.
• A lump near the anus.
• Change habits of defecate.

Tests to check the rectum used to detect (find) and diagnose anal cancer.

The following tests and procedures that can be used:

Physical exam and history: An examination of the body to check for signs of general health, including checking for signs of disease, such as lumps or anything else that seems unusual. Patient’s health history and their habits of the last illness and treatment.

• Digital rectal examination (DRE): An examination of the anus and rectum. The doctor or nurse to enter lubricant, and gloved finger inserted into the rectum to feel any lumps or anything else that seems unusual.
• Anoscopy: A tool that checks the anus and lower rectum, lighted tube called anoscope.
• Proctoscopy: A short examination tool to examine the rectum, lighted tube called proctoscope.
• Endo-anal or endorectal ultrasound: A procedure which uses ultrasound transducer (investigation) is inserted into the anus or rectum and used to emit high-energy sound waves (ultrasound) in the internal organs and make echoes. Echoes the form of a picture called a sonogram body tissue.
• Biopsy: The removal of cells or tissues so they can be seen under a microscope by a pathologist to check for signs of cancer. If the visits are areas that are not normal during anoscopy, who had done at that time.